European Society for Medical Oncology

Guidelines for
Artificial Intelligence
in Oncology

Setting the standard for safe, effective, and ethical use of AI in cancer care.

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ELCAPLLMs in Practice
EBAIAI Biomarkers
EVALLMLLM Evaluation
Soon
EVAGENTAgent Evaluation
Soon

Current Guidelines

ELCAP
2025Click for Key Takeaways

ESMO Guidance on the Use of Large Language Models in Clinical Practice

Comprehensive guidance for oncologists on integrating LLMs into clinical workflows. Addresses patient communication, clinical decision support, documentation, and the critical importance of human oversight.

AuthorsWong EYT, ..., Kather JN
ESMO Real World Data, Digital and Data Oncology (RWDDDO) Faculty · Multi-institutional European collaboration
Clinical Decision SupportPatient CommunicationDocumentationSafety GuardrailsHuman Oversight
EBAI
2025Click for Key Takeaways

ESMO Basic Requirements for AI-Based Biomarkers in Oncology

Defines minimum requirements for development, validation, and clinical deployment of AI-based biomarkers covering pathology, genomics, radiomics, and multi-modal AI systems.

AuthorsAldea M, ..., Kather JN
ESMO Translational Research and Precision Medicine Working Group · Pan-European expert panel
Digital PathologyRadiomicsValidation StandardsClinical DeploymentMulti-Modal AI

Upcoming Guidelines

EVALLM

Coming Soon

ESMO Framework for Evaluation of Large Language Models in Oncology

Standardized benchmarks and evaluation criteria for assessing LLM performance in oncology-specific tasks.

BenchmarkingSafety EvaluationPerformance MetricsClinical Validation

EVAGENT

Coming Soon

ESMO Framework for Evaluation of AI Agents in Oncology

Guidelines for evaluating autonomous AI agents in clinical environments, covering multi-step reasoning and safety requirements.

Autonomous SystemsClinical SafetyMulti-Step ReasoningEHR Integration

Timeline

Sep 2025ELCAPLLMs in Clinical PracticePublished
Nov 2025EBAIAI-Based BiomarkersPublished
2026EVALLMLLM Evaluation FrameworkUpcoming
2026EVAGENTAI Agent EvaluationUpcoming

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Why These Guidelines Matter

AI is rapidly transforming oncology. As these technologies enter clinical practice, robust guidelines are essential to ensure they are used safely, effectively, and equitably.

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